Today is Jenny's wedding day. She _____to Thomas.

Well, let's put our heads together and find a(n)_____to the problem.

Could I have some milk, some orange juice, and some eggs_____?

Neither of your proposals _____.

Stop making so much noise, for you are _____me in my studies.

It took them more than ten years to _____the defensive works.

To get the job started, _____I need is your permission.

He is quite thoughtless, for very seldom can he _____other people's troubles.

Which is _____country, the United States or Canada?

When a fire _____at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.

The general strike is a means of _____the total authority of the government.

He made a proposal that the problem _____at the meeting.

Wood furniture does not depreciate in value _____.

The ship _____from behind the fog.

-What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?

-That's very hard to say, but I wish I _____when I was a college student.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

The northern parts of United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes_____（21）zero degree in January, _____（22）and March. But the northeastern and northcentral regions of_____（23）have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted.

In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____（24）these cold winter months They go to southern parts of the country_____（25）it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is_____（26）.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they_____（27）dry desert climates.

It has become_____（28）nowadays for old people to move south to these places_____（29）they retire. Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a new life_____（30）senior citizens.

Their children likely have homes_____（31）and many of them are moving south_____（32）communities where they were_____（33）.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____（34）any other part. Business and industry_____（35）many offices and factories in the south. California is already the most popular state in the country.

_____.

Passage One

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors（储户）not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who want their money when they wanted it.

Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.

A bank run happens when_____.

Passage One

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors（储户）not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who want their money when they wanted it.

Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.

The tellers in Mrs. Vaught's bank were told to_____.

Passage One

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors（储户）not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who want their money when they wanted it.

Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.

The main cause of a bank run is_____.

Passage One

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors（储户）not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who want their money when they wanted it.

Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.

Which of the following statements about Mrs. Vaught is true?

Passage Two

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?

Passage Two

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is _____.

Passage Two

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

What is referred to as the "general appearance" in this passage is _____.

Passage Two

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room—a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

This passage provides us with _____.

Passage Three

Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings（误解）? Little wonder. We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are, according to Boza Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago. In his recent study, speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences. Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time. Here's some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:

（1）Don't trust what you see from the listener. Listeners often nod, look at you or say "uhhuh" to be polite or move the conversation along. But it's easy to consider these as signs of understanding.

（2）Train the editor（编辑）in your head. If you say, "Beth discusses her problems with her husband," it's not clear whether she's talking to her husband or about him. Try instead, "Beth talks to her husband about her problems." or "Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband."

（3）Ask listeners to repeat your message. Introduce your request by saying "I want to be sure I said that right." Questions like "How does that sound?" or "Does that make sense?" may also work.

（4）Listen well. When on the receiving end, ask questions to be sure you're on the same page. After all, it isn't just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.

Why does the writer give us the advice?

Passage Three

Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings（误解）? Little wonder. We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are, according to Boza Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago. In his recent study, speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences. Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time. Here's some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:

（1）Don't trust what you see from the listener. Listeners often nod, look at you or say "uhhuh" to be polite or move the conversation along. But it's easy to consider these as signs of understanding.

（2）Train the editor（编辑）in your head. If you say, "Beth discusses her problems with her husband," it's not clear whether she's talking to her husband or about him. Try instead, "Beth talks to her husband about her problems." or "Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband."

（3）Ask listeners to repeat your message. Introduce your request by saying "I want to be sure I said that right." Questions like "How does that sound?" or "Does that make sense?" may also work.

（4）Listen well. When on the receiving end, ask questions to be sure you're on the same page. After all, it isn't just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.

The writer suggests that when talking to others, the speaker should_____.

Passage Three

Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings（误解）? Little wonder. We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are, according to Boza Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago. In his recent study, speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences. Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time. Here's some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:

（1）Don't trust what you see from the listener. Listeners often nod, look at you or say "uhhuh" to be polite or move the conversation along. But it's easy to consider these as signs of understanding.

（2）Train the editor（编辑）in your head. If you say, "Beth discusses her problems with her husband," it's not clear whether she's talking to her husband or about him. Try instead, "Beth talks to her husband about her problems." or "Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband."

（3）Ask listeners to repeat your message. Introduce your request by saying "I want to be sure I said that right." Questions like "How does that sound?" or "Does that make sense?" may also work.

（4）Listen well. When on the receiving end, ask questions to be sure you're on the same page. After all, it isn't just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.

By Train the editor in your head, the speakers are advised_____.

Passage Three

Have you ever argued with your loved ones over simple misunderstandings（误解）? Little wonder. We often believe we're more skillful in getting our point across than we actually are, according to Boza Keysar, a professor at the University of Chicago. In his recent study, speakers tried to express their meanings using unclear sentences. Speakers who thought listeners understood were wrong nearly half the time. Here's some good advice to reduce misunderstanding:

（1）Don't trust what you see from the listener. Listeners often nod, look at you or say "uhhuh" to be polite or move the conversation along. But it's easy to consider these as signs of understanding.

（2）Train the editor（编辑）in your head. If you say, "Beth discusses her problems with her husband," it's not clear whether she's talking to her husband or about him. Try instead, "Beth talks to her husband about her problems." or "Beth talks to others about the problems with her husband."

（3）Ask listeners to repeat your message. Introduce your request by saying "I want to be sure I said that right." Questions like "How does that sound?" or "Does that make sense?" may also work.

（4）Listen well. When on the receiving end, ask questions to be sure you're on the same page. After all, it isn't just the speaker's job to make his speech understood.

In the last paragraph, the words " you're on the same page" mean that_____.

Passage Four

What's the best way to protect a tender, green seedling from the hungry stomach of deer? .Give the seedling bad breath!

The same chemical that gives people bad breath after they have eaten garlic can save small trees from being eaten by animals.

А kіnd оf сhеmісаl ѕеlеnіum（硒）, whісh іѕ аlѕо fоund іn gаrlіс, іѕ рlаntеd іn thе ѕоіl near a young tree. The tree's roots absorb the selenium which is then carried to the leaves.

From there the selenium is used to form a chemical called dimethyl selenide（乙烷硒化物）—the same chemical made in the human mouth after eating garlic. As deer wander around looking for food, they smell the seedlings leaves and leave the plants alone.

The selenium is important. Why? Because each year deer eat millions of dollars' worth of trees farm seedlings.

So far, selenium has been tested only on Douglas fir（枞树）seedlings, but researchers think they could protect fruit trees and garden plants, too.

When people eat garlic,_____.

Passage Four

What's the best way to protect a tender, green seedling from the hungry stomach of deer? .Give the seedling bad breath!

The same chemical that gives people bad breath after they have eaten garlic can save small trees from being eaten by animals.

А kіnd оf сhеmісаl ѕеlеnіum（硒）, whісh іѕ аlѕо fоund іn gаrlіс, іѕ рlаntеd іn thе ѕоіl near a young tree. The tree's roots absorb the selenium which is then carried to the leaves.

From there the selenium is used to form a chemical called dimethyl selenide（乙烷硒化物）—the same chemical made in the human mouth after eating garlic. As deer wander around looking for food, they smell the seedlings leaves and leave the plants alone.

The selenium is important. Why? Because each year deer eat millions of dollars' worth of trees farm seedlings.

So far, selenium has been tested only on Douglas fir（枞树）seedlings, but researchers think they could protect fruit trees and garden plants, too.

According to this passage the bad smell given off from those leaves is that of_____.

Passage Four

What's the best way to protect a tender, green seedling from the hungry stomach of deer? .Give the seedling bad breath!

The same chemical that gives people bad breath after they have eaten garlic can save small trees from being eaten by animals.

А kіnd оf сhеmісаl ѕеlеnіum（硒）, whісh іѕ аlѕо fоund іn gаrlіс, іѕ рlаntеd іn thе ѕоіl near a young tree. The tree's roots absorb the selenium which is then carried to the leaves.

From there the selenium is used to form a chemical called dimethyl selenide（乙烷硒化物）—the same chemical made in the human mouth after eating garlic. As deer wander around looking for food, they smell the seedlings leaves and leave the plants alone.

The selenium is important. Why? Because each year deer eat millions of dollars' worth of trees farm seedlings.

So far, selenium has been tested only on Douglas fir（枞树）seedlings, but researchers think they could protect fruit trees and garden plants, too.

Up till the time the news was announced, this kind of chemical was used_____.

Passage Four

What's the best way to protect a tender, green seedling from the hungry stomach of deer? .Give the seedling bad breath!

The same chemical that gives people bad breath after they have eaten garlic can save small trees from being eaten by animals.

А kіnd оf сhеmісаl ѕеlеnіum（硒）, whісh іѕ аlѕо fоund іn gаrlіс, іѕ рlаntеd іn thе ѕоіl near a young tree. The tree's roots absorb the selenium which is then carried to the leaves.

From there the selenium is used to form a chemical called dimethyl selenide（乙烷硒化物）—the same chemical made in the human mouth after eating garlic. As deer wander around looking for food, they smell the seedlings leaves and leave the plants alone.

The selenium is important. Why? Because each year deer eat millions of dollars' worth of trees farm seedlings.

So far, selenium has been tested only on Douglas fir（枞树）seedlings, but researchers think they could protect fruit trees and garden plants, too.

The best title of this passage is "_____".

Passage Five

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

The city of Valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venezuela（委内瑞拉）named Valencia.

From the text, how many places have the name Valencia?

Passage Five

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

The city of Valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venezuela（委内瑞拉）named Valencia.

What is the main difference between the two parts of the city?

Passage Five

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

The city of Valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venezuela（委内瑞拉）named Valencia.

When was Valencia the most important city in Spain?

Passage Five

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

The city of Valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venezuela（委内瑞拉）named Valencia.

What is Valencia famous for?

Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?

Michael: _____（56）. But where shall we go?

Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It's quite cool there.

Michael: _____（57）.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?

Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.

Michael: What should I do then?

Jane: _____（58）.

Michael: _____（59）?

Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.

Michael: When shall we start off?

Jane: _____（60）?We can get there in an hour and a half.

Michael: OK. I'll call John and tell him about our plan.

Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?

Michael: _____（56）. But where shall we go?

Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It's quite cool there.

Michael: _____（57）.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?

Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.

Michael: What should I do then?

Jane: _____（58）.

Michael: _____（59）?

Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.

Michael: When shall we start off?

Jane: _____（60）?We can get there in an hour and a half.

Michael: OK. I'll call John and tell him about our plan.

Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?

Michael: _____（56）. But where shall we go?

Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It's quite cool there.

Michael: _____（57）.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?

Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.

Michael: What should I do then?

Jane: _____（58）.

Michael: _____（59）?

Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.

Michael: When shall we start off?

Jane: _____（60）?We can get there in an hour and a half.

Michael: OK. I'll call John and tell him about our plan.

Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?

Michael: _____（56）. But where shall we go?

Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It's quite cool there.

Michael: _____（57）.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?

Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.

Michael: What should I do then?

Jane: _____（58）.

Michael: _____（59）?

Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.

Michael: When shall we start off?

Jane: _____（60）?We can get there in an hour and a half.

Michael: OK. I'll call John and tell him about our plan.

Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?

Michael: _____（56）. But where shall we go?

Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It's quite cool there.

Michael: _____（57）.Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?

Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.

Michael: What should I do then?

Jane: _____（58）.

Michael: _____（59）?

Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.

Michael: When shall we start off?

Jane: _____（60）?We can get there in an hour and a half.

Michael: OK. I'll call John and tell him about our plan.

1.有人认为出国留学有很多好处；

2.有人认为出国留学有很多不利之处；

3.你的看法是……